Benzylideneacetone

Catalog Number	ACM122576-4
CAS Number	122-57-6
Synonyms	4-Phenylbut-3-en-2-one
IUPAC Name	(E)-4-phenylbut-3-en-2-one
Molecular Weight	146.19
Molecular Formula	C10H10O
Canonical SMILES	CC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1
InChI	InChI=1S/C10H10O/c1-9(11)7-8-10-5-3-2-4-6-10/h2-8H,1H3/b8-7+
InChI Key	BWHOZHOGCMHOBV-BQYQJAHWSA-N
Boiling Point	260-262 °C
Melting Point	39-42 °C
Purity	98%
Solubility	Soluble in water
Appearance	Crystalline powder
Storage	Store at ≤ 20 °C
Exact Mass	146.073164938
Hydrogen-Bond Acceptor Count	1
Hydrogen-Bond Donor Count	0
Monoisotopic Mass	146.073164938
Rotatable-Bond Count	2
Topological Polar Surface Area	17.1 Ų

Case Study

Effect of Benzylidene Acetone Addition on the Peel Rate and Appearance Grade of Zinc-Nickel Coatings

Zhu, P., Wang, L. Y., Zhang, X. J., & Zhou, M. (2012). International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering, 6(4), 351-361.

The zinc-nickel electrodeposition bath contains zinc fluoride and basic nickel carbonate as metal ion sources, with citrate serving as a complexing agent to stabilize the solution. A hydrofluoric acid (HF) aqueous solution is added to passivate the AZ31 magnesium alloy surface, preventing corrosion, and the solution pH is adjusted using a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Benzylidene acetone, ZA brightener, and saccharides are used as brighteners, while sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) acts as a surfactant. The bath composition and electrodeposition conditions are shown in the table.
The figure illustrates the impact of benzylidene acetone concentration on the peel rate and appearance grade of zinc-nickel coatings on AZ31 magnesium alloy. As the concentration of benzylidene acetone increases, the peel rate of the zinc-nickel coating decreases sharply, and the appearance grade improves. When the benzylidene acetone concentration reaches 80 μL/L, the peel rate drops to 0%, indicating that benzylidene acetone, as a brightener, can adsorb onto the AZ31 magnesium alloy surface, enhancing cathodic polarization and improving microcurrent distribution.
While benzylidene acetone enhances the bonding strength of zinc-nickel coatings, excessive amounts can negatively affect the coating quality.

Effects of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Benzylidene Acetone on the Cathodic Process of Electrochemical Activated Carbon

Zhao, L., Zhou, W., Wu, J. Z., Wu, Q., & Wang, D. L. (2016). RSC advances, 6(85), 81774-81779.

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and benzylidene acetone were used as electrolyte additives to suppress hydrogen evolution on electrochemical activated carbon, thereby extending the cycle life of valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries operating under high-rate partial state of charge conditions.
Preparation of Electrolytes
A sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) solution with a density of 1.35 g cm⁻³ was used as the electrolyte. Different concentrations of CTAB or benzylidene acetone were added to the H₂SO₄ electrolyte. The CTAB content ranged from 0 to 320 mg·L⁻¹, while the concentrations of benzylidene acetone were set at 0, 20 mg·L⁻¹, 40 mg·L⁻¹, 60 mg·L⁻¹, and 80 mg·L⁻¹.
The study found that the addition of CTAB or benzylidene acetone to the H₂SO₄ electrolyte effectively increased the hydrogen evolution overpotential and reduced the hydrogen evolution rate on electrochemical activated carbon. Adding an appropriate amount of CTAB or benzylidene acetone to the battery's H₂SO₄ electrolyte significantly slowed the hydrogen evolution rate on the negative plate, decreased the charge cut-off voltage, and increased the discharge cut-off voltage.
Furthermore, the presence of CTAB or benzylidene acetone extended the cycle life of VRLA batteries under high-rate partial state of charge conditions. Compared to 240 mg·L⁻¹ of CTAB, 20 mg·L⁻¹ of benzylidene acetone demonstrated better performance in improving battery cycle life.

Zn Electrodeposition in an Acidic Chloride Bath Containing Polyethylene Glycol and Benzylidene Acetone as Additives

Moron, L. E., et al. Journal of The Electrochemical Society 158.7 (2011): D435.

The effects of polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG₂₀₀) and PEG200/benzylidene acetone (BDA) mixtures on the Zn deposition mechanism and nucleation kinetics were investigated using voltammetry.
In the absence of additives, voltammetric studies showed that the reduction peak (peak I_c, E_PIc ¼ 1.135 V vs. SCE) corresponds to the reduction of Zn(II) ions, followed by hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the formed Zn deposits. When PEG₂₀₀ or BDA-PEG₂₀₀ complexes were present in the solution, HER was suppressed, likely due to the adsorption of additive molecules on the Zn surface.
Furthermore, the intensity of reduction peak Ic depended on the solution composition and decreased in the following order: Ic (no additives) > I'c (with PEG₂₀₀) > I''c (with BDA-PEG₂₀₀ complexes). This behavior is associated with the adsorption of PEG₂₀₀ and BDA-PEG₂₀₀ complexes on the Pt electrode surface.
Additionally, voltammetric studies revealed that the adsorption of BDA-PEG₂₀₀ complexes on the electrode surface facilitated an additional reduction process at more cathodic potentials (Peak II''c, E_PII''c = 1.24 V vs. SCE).

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